NightWatch

For the Night of 12 July 2009

 

Japan:  The ruling coalition of the Liberal Democratic Party (LDP) and the New Komeito party lost its majority in the Tokyo metropolitan assembly resulting from Sunday's local election. For the first time, the opposition Democratic Party of Japan became the largest party in the metropolitan assembly.

 

Japanese political analysts consider the Tokyo city assembly elections a reliable indicator of the direction of the national legislature.

One suggestion is that the failure of the LDP to retain the city government could prompt a move to replace Prime Minister Aso as Party leader before the House of Representatives election which must be held by 6 September 2009, according to Angus Reid Global Monitor.  Prime Minister Aso told senior LDP lawmakers on Sunday that he intends to dissolve the House of Representatives as early as Tuesday for the general election, the lawmakers said. He is expected to set the election date as 8 August, officially starting the election campaign on 27July.

Aso’s popularity is at 20% which would seem to make it attractive for the LDP to select a new standard-bearer going into the elections.  The Democratic Party of Japan would seem to have its bets chance of ever achieving enough seats to form a government but it is hobbled by a series of scandals that dim its prospects, so the experts say. Nevertheless, in 2007, the Democratic Party of Japan won 60 seats in the upper house, House of Councilors, election that year, giving it the majority in the upper house.

 

The rule of thumb is, “Change Tokyo, Change Japan.” Japan has had four LDP prime ministers in three years. The economy is in recession and the LDP government has mishandled public welfare issues.  The election looks good for the Democrats.  The latest Kyodo poll shows the DPJ with 34% and the LDP with 26%, but undecided voters total 39% of those who said they will vote. Stay tuned.

 

North Korea:  For the record. On 13 July South Korean broadcaster YTN reported North Korean leader Kim Chong-il has pancreatic cancer.  The report cited no source. On the other hand, something more serious than a stroke is responsible for the loss of hair and the cadaverous appearance.  Cancer treatments produce those effects.  The Mayo Clinic posts that the prognosis for this cancer is poor.

 

Indonesia:  President Yudhoyono announced Indonesia will increase its defense budget by 20 percent in 2010, based on a forecasted economic growth at around 6 percent, Antara News Agency reported on 10 July. Yudhoyono said the budget will increase from 33.6 trillion rupiah ($3.3 billion) to 40.6 trillion rupiah ($4 billion) and the government plans to continue to increase each year to get closer to a "minimum force" budget of 100-200 trillion rupiah ($9.9 billion to $11.8 billion). 

 

The amounts are not large; still, what’s the threat?

 

India-Russia:  Update. After four years of haggling over Russian demands for more money, India has agreed to pay $2.2 billion, instead of the original (2004) agreed on $1.5 billion, for a Russian shipyard to refurbish an old, damaged, aircraft carrier -- the Admiral Gorshkov -- for Indian use. The ship will arrive in India by 2012, just a few years before India completes construction of a carrier at Indian yards.

 

Pakistan:   Prime Minister Gilani told a convocation of the International Islamic University on Sunday he was determined to change the government, which was neither presidential nor parliamentary, and restore the true federal parliamentary system.  ‘At present our governance is hotchpotch: divided between the presidential form of government and the parliamentary system and we are determined to end this confusion and bring back the true parliamentary form of government which is a befitting reply to challenges that our nation is facing today.’

 

'When a true parliamentary system is in place, all institutions will work in their own ambit,’ the prime minister said. He said the 1973 Constitution would be restored in its true spirit.

 

This is Gilani’s first recent statement renewing the now two-year old promise to restore true parliamentary government.  President Zardari might be tiring of his present duties and prefer the ceremonial functions of the President under the 1973 Constitution.

 

On local government. On Friday, Prime Minister Gilani said that Former president Pervez Musharraf’s decision to make local government a federal subject under the Sixth Schedule of the Constitution was illegal and undemocratic,’ he told reporters after attending a function at the ministry of science and technology. Musharraf replaced the 150-year old system of appointed local magistrates with elected local assemblies. In doing so, he violated the residual rights of the Provinces in Pakistan’s federal system.

 

The prime minister announced last Wednesday that elections for local bodies had been postponed until the improvement of law and order. However, local governments will be dissolved and administrators from the bureaucracy will be appointed to look after their affairs during the interim period. The administrators will start working on 1 August. The five-year tenure of the local government as prescribed during Musharraf’s tenure will expire in October and there is a strong possibility that no more local government elections will be held and the old magistracy system will come back.

 

‘The tenure of present local governments is expiring and since it is a provincial subject, I and the president cannot do much about it,’ Mr Gilani said, adding that the provincial governments would take a decision about the future of local governments after more consultations. The Provincial governments have the Constitutional authority to retain elected local governing bodies.

 

There is a strong opposition from different circles over the decision and some analysts believe that it will not be easy to replace the LG system. 

 

Concerning terrorism.  About 150 Islamic religious scholars from the Deoband school of thought and Mohtamims of various Deoband institutions of the Rawalpindi region, including Rawalpindi, Jhelum, Attock and Chakwal districts, attended a meeting to discuss Islam and terror.

The Regional Police Officer (RPO), Nasir Khan Durrani, chaired the meeting. The Ulema (Islamic scholars) were unanimous in their opinion that Islam totally rejects terrorism in all its forms and manifestations and does not allow its believers to harm any human beings and there was no place for suicide attackers in Islam.

The suicide attacker does not relate to Islam and being a killer of innocent people, the religious scholars declared suicide attacker as somebody who is “out of Islam”. The meeting was attended, besides others, by Secretary General Wafaq-ul- Madaris-e-Arabia Punjab, Qazi Abdul Rashid; Maulana Gohar Islam, Qari Abdul Ghaffar Tauheedi, Qari Muhmmad Yaqoob, Maulvi Baz Khan, Maulana Abdul Rahman Usmani, Maulana Ikhlaq Ahamd and Qari Saeed Ahmad. (Note: the names are important for those analysts who track the religious opinion formers in Pakistan.)

The Ulema were of the view that suicide attack was a big sin, since Islam never promotes terrorism and forbids its believers from indulging in such inhuman activities. They were of the view that the people involved in such heinous crimes against humanity have nothing to do with Islam. It was also decided that students in the Madaris (the actual plural form of Madrassah) should not be allowed to keep mobile phones with them.

 

The line in bold face is probably the most important decision of the leaders. Paksitani religious leaders have denounced suicide bombings consistently for many years. What they never denounce is the  killing of US, UK and other soldiers in Afghanistan or the attacks and practices of the Taliban who wage the fight in Afghanistan.

 

Afghanistan-US:  President Obama said 11 July the Taliban in Afghanistan have been pushed back, but U.S. and allied troops "still have a long way to go," Reuters reported, citing an Obama interview with Sky News. Obama said the United States and its allies will evaluate the situation in Afghanistan after the August elections there.

 

Based on open source reporting the President was either misinformed, was misquoted or was just referring to the lightly opposed Marine operations in Helmand Province in the last week. The Taliban moved to adjacent districts and provinces, as is their custom. Obviously, they were tipped off.

 

The open source data on fighting in June show it was the most violent month since the overthrow of the Taliban in 2001, with 787 clashes, as NightWatch has used that term during the past four years. The next highest month was March 2009, which had 782 clashes in the NightWatch sample.

 

Clashes occurred in 206 of Afghanistan’s 398 districts. Only May featured more districts under stress, with 211, the record to date.  The fighting occurred in 33 of the 34 provinces, including Panjshir Province where the Tajiks live. Panjshir has been the one province consistently free of Pashtun instigated clashes and bombings.  In June, only Day Kundi Province was spared, probably because of reporting errors in the sample.

 

NATO (and non-NATO members of the International Security Assistance Force) killed and wounded reached 123, the highest monthly total to date. Taliban lost just over 700 killed, wounded and captured for detention. All allied forces lost over 400 killed wounded and kidnapped. The casualty ratio is cause for concern because the Taliban will always win a conflict of attrition.

 

The Taliban leadership considers a 1.75 loss ratio (7:4) a victory. NATO governments will not stand for losses at the June rate with no apparent sign of improvement in the security situation. 

 

NATO killed in the first 12 days of July are 39, second only to June 2008 when 45 soldiers were killed.  Most impressive of all is the Taliban exploded 214 roadside bombs, double any prior monthly total.  Explosive supplies must be pouring into Afghanistan from Pakistan with no checks and no controls.

 

In June, Taliban maintained dominance in the 12 core provinces of the insurgency but increased operations in the other 20, over April and May. Strategypage.com analysts wrote today that no summer offensive has occurred owing to Allied operations. The data says they are grossly misinformed and cheerleading avails nothing.

 

Iraq:  "Following a meeting with Religious Authority Grand Ayatollah Sayyid Ali al-Sistani, General Babakr Zebari, Iraqi Army Chief of Staff, said that fighting terrorism at present does not need heavy equipment, but needs intelligence work." This is followed by a video report saying: "This is not the first visit, nor will it be the last, that an Iraqi official pays to the religious authority in Al-Najaf.

 

General Zebari, Iraqi Army Chief of Staff, paid a visit to Sayyid Al-Sistani to inform him of the latest developments in Iraq.  Babakr is then shown saying: "My visit to Grand Ayatollah Sayyid Al-Sistani is a normal one, and I have visited him earlier. We listened to many recommendations from him, including calls for fighting corruption and activating the role of tribes and citizens in helping the Iraqi Armed Forces by reporting to them any information about any saboteurs or terrorists anywhere, or anything that looks abnormal."

 

The significance is that the spiritual and apparently civil leadership of the Iraqi Armed Forces is the Shiite Grand Ayatollah in an Najaf. He is a man of deep spirituality by any measure, but not a Sunni. Any Sunnis in the armed forces are disenfranchised. Plus, Sistani told their Shiite neighbors to watch them and report on them!

 

Iran-China:  For the record.  Iranian clerics condemned China on Sunday for “horribly” suppressing Muslim Uighurs in deadly unrest between the Uighurs and Han Chinese that has killed 184 people.

“It is true that the Chinese government and its people have close economic and political ties with us and other Islamic countries, but this is no reason for them to horribly suppress our Muslim brothers and sisters,” said Grand Ayatollah Naser Makarem Shirazi in a statement to ISNA news agency.

 

The Khamenei/ Ahmadi-Nejad regime has said nothing critical of China.

 

Somalia- Mogadishu:  The Somali government said it has regained control of central Mogadishu from al Shabaab militants, Al Jazeera reported 12 July.  Militant fighters had reached within one kilometer of the presidential palace, but have been pushed back from all the areas they had captured, according to the Somali defense minister.

 

African Union (AU) peacekeeping forces have been drawn into the fighting for the first time during their deployment to Somalia.   After al Shabaab militants drew within one kilometer of the presidential palace government militiamen and AU peacekeepers worked together to push militants back from three northern districts in Mogadishu.  Somali officials said 40 militants and three government soldiers died in the fighting thus far.

 

What this means is that the Islamist militiamen of al Shabaab nearly succeeded in taking control of the central government buildings in Mogadishu.  They will try again. The AU peacekeepers do not have the mission of defending what’s left of the Somali transitional government.  Their support might not be available after the Ugandan and other governments review the reports.

 

Republic of the Congo (Brazzaville): For the record. On 12 July, Congolese voted in the presidential election in which the incumbent President Denis Sassou-Nguesso is expected to win another seven-year term, Agence France-Presse reported July 12. Sassou-Nguesso has 12 challengers for the post, but six have advised voters to stay home due to alleged voting irregularities.

 

Voter turnout is low because the opposition called for a boycott. As a result, scuffles between voters were few as well.

 

The main issue is how much violence will accompany the voting because Sassou-Nguesso is certain to win.  During this Watch, none has been reported, which would be close to miraculous for Congo (B), if it continues, because of the polarization between the north and the south tribes and the recent history of civil conflict (1997-2002).

 

Honduras:  The interim government lifted the overnight curfew that has been in place since the ousting of President Manuel Zelaya on 28 June. The government said it had "reached its objective" of quelling opposition protests, in a statement read out on television and radio.

 

Costa Rican President Arias’ attempts to negotiate an end to the political crisis failed after two days of talks. Zelaya flew to Washington for consultations with the Department of State. Arias said it would take about 8 days to arrange another round of talks.

 

Feedback note: Thanks to all who provided feedback on the cyber attacks. There is a lot to sort; results to follow this week.

 

End of NightWatch for 12 July.