NightWatch

For the Night of 23 June 2009

 

North Korea:  Update.    The Swedish ambassador visited the two imprisoned American journalists in Pyongyang on 23 June, a US State Department spokesman said. This was his first visit with them since their sentencing by a North Korean court.  He was not allowed to talk about the visit, other than to announce he made it.

 

CNN reported a statement from the families of Ling and Lee. "The families of Laura Ling and Euna Lee are grateful to the North Korean government for allowing the Swedish ambassador to visit Laura and Euna. We continue to appeal for their release on humanitarian grounds."

 

The State Department spokesman said the Swedish ambassador visited the journalists in March and May. He last visited them 1 June.

 

The Swedish Ambassador’s post-trial access is a positive sign the journalists are receiving sufficiently decent treatment that the North Korean government is not concerned about blowback from his visit. Also positive is that the North’s leaders have not directly used the journalists as a component of their public diplomacy strategy regarding nuclear weapons and ballistic missiles. The visit by the Ambassador lies in the background as a reminder that the Pyongyang government possesses that pressure point.

 

The handling of the detention thus far is slow key, not provocative and statesmanlike. That is good news.

 

Leadership update.  South Korea’s  Dong al Ilbo reported the following update on Kim Chong-un, the apparent heir-apparent.

“The heir apparent to North Korean leader Kim Cho'ng-il has received control of the Stalinist country's secret police in the first step of his succession process, a well-informed source on the North said yesterday.”

”Kim Chong-un and his father are known to have visited the head office of the Department of State Security around March at the foot of Mount Ami in Pyongyang. The source said the elder Kim told key agency officials to consider Kim Chong-un their boss and defend him with their lives.”

”The source said Kim made similar comments early last month while visiting the State Security university in Pyongyang, a school which trains the agency's elite agents. He is said to have given to agency officials in March five imported luxury cars worth around $80,000 US each as gifts.“

”The security body monitors the ideological trends of the North Korean people, looks for dissidents, and conducts overseas spy operations. It has branches in provinces and dispatches captain-level agents to each battalion-level military unit to keep watch over military organizations.”

”Since 1987, Kim Cho'ng-il has been the agency's official leader but the organization's chief deputy director has represented it officially. The current chief deputy director is U Tong-ch'u'k who is also a member of the powerful National Defense Commission.”

“Signs also suggest that the security agency has grown more powerful. The source said the North's estimated 100,000-man border guard unit will be placed under the agency's control next month at the latest. The unit had belonged to the agency until 1992, when it was moved to the People's Armed Forces Ministry. “

”Officers of the unit are said to be pleased over the planned transfer to the agency on the expectation of better treatment.”

 

The article also reported, “As the heir apparent, Kim Chong-un is also known to be involved in personnel appointments at the organizational department of the North's ruling Workers' Party. The source said the junior Kim will follow in his father's footsteps in becoming the party's organizational secretary, second only to the general secretary, to take control of the party. The next step will be inheriting the post of supreme commander of the North Korean military. ”

 

If the foregoing is accurate, the transfer of the trappings of authority to Kim Chong-un is taking place much faster than was the case for Kim Chong-il. That suggests time is a factor in investing the younger Kim with the forms of power, though almost certainly not its substance. Kim Chong-il would thus seem to be much frailer than the daily appearance reports suggest.

 

China-Taiwan:   Taiwan and China will end a 60-year ban on scheduled air service on 31 August, when regular flights between Taiwan and the mainland begin, according to the China Times. Civil aviation authorities from Taiwan and China have yet to make a formal announcement about the air ties. Once regular flights begin, Taiwanese and Chinese airlines will operate 270 round-trip flights weekly across the Taiwan Strait. Currently there are 108 charter flights per week, according to the China Times.

 

Cross Strait tension is almost non-existent for now.

 

India: Update. An Indian court has issued arrest warrants for 22 Pakistani citizens suspected of organizing the attacks on Mumbai (Bombay) in which 166 died. The warrants were issued at the ongoing trial of Mohammed Ajmal Kasab, the only surviving suspected gunman in the attacks, who denies the charges against him.

 

Three of the warrants are for the founder and two leaders of the Pakistan-based Islamist militant group, Lashkar-e-Taiba. An Indian prosecutor demanded that Islamabad extradite all the suspects.

Pakistan has said that none of the suspects will be extradited to India but could be tried in Pakistani courts.

 

The warrants put in perspective Prime Minister Singh’s statement yesterday about wanting to normalize relations with Pakistan.  His statement apparently was meant to smooth way for the warrants announced today by informing Pakistan that the federal government’s policy towards Pakistan is not hostage to the prosecution of the Mumbai terrorists. Except that it pretty much is a hostage, in fact.

 

Pakistan:  McClatchy’s expert and special correspondent on Pakistan, Saeed Shah, has written an excellent article on a significant setback to the Islamabad government’s program to counter the Pakistani Taliban. Qari Zainuddin a Mahsud tribe leader, who challenged Taliban leader Baitullah Mehsud for leadership of the Mahsuds, was shot by one of his own bodyguards.  Authorities suspect the killer was an infiltration agent working for Baitullah.

 

 On several occasions this month, tribal lashkars -- loosely organized armed tribal militiamen -- expelled from their villages militants and terrorists associated with the Pakistan Taliban Movement.  Government tribal political agents working with Inter-Services Intelligence (ISI) probably provided significant support to encourage and empower the lashkar leaders and tribal elders. The government’s failure to provide security to Zainuddin will threaten to sap the courage from other potential tribal leaders who might act as counterweights to the Pakistani Taliban.

 

Shah’s article makes an important point that Zainuddin’s break with Baitullah was over the direction of the fighting. Zainuddin said he thought fighting Muslims was wrong. Thus he opposed Baitullah’s policy of fighting in Pakistan against Pakistani government agents and security personnel. Zainuddin thought the fight should be focused exclusively against the US and NATO forces in Afghanistan to force them to depart.

 

The episode spotlights the fragility of attempting to use tribes against each other, especially without enhancing the personal protection of the pro-government guys. It also exposes the divergence of interests between Pakistan and Afghanistan and its Allies.  Some security initiatives that benefit Pakistan’s security actually worsen the threat to Afghanistan.

 

Kyrgyzstan-US:  The Associated Press and other press outlets reported that Kyrgyzstan will reopen Manas air base to the US for a significant sum.  The Kyrgyz government has repackaged the base access arrangement to bring it into alignment with the policies of Russia and neighboring Central Asian states which have approved transhipment to Afghanistan of non-lethal supplies and equipment. In fact, the US paid a bigger fee for base rental. If nothing else is clear from this double dealing soap opera, President Bakiyev is a politician for sale.

 

The Kyrgyz political opposition denounced the agreement as another example of the inconstancy of the Bakiyev regime. Parliament must approve this agreement just as it approved that terminating US access. Hmm… stay tuned. The Russians have not yet had their say on this new development

 

Iran:  President Mahmoud Ahmadi-Nejad and his Cabinet will be sworn in sometime between 26 July and 19 August, Iran's official news agency IRNA reported.   The Guardian Council, which oversees national elections, said it has no plans to annul the results of the 12 June presidential election.

 

It has not reason to at this point.  Mourning periods, job actions, driving slow downs and other forms of passive aggressive political prove that the dissatisfaction remains vibrant, at least in Tehran, but lacks an effective outlet and leadership at this time. Another time will come, but the struggle to effect modern political change probably will be harder because the government will know what to expect.

 

Somalia:  Kenyan TV reported that 15 members of the parliament have fled the Islamist offensive to capture Mogadishu and return to power.  The members briefly held at the Jomo Kenyatta International Airport for questioning by police.

The members reportedly told police that they were on their way to the Sudan. The members of parliament escaped their country as a group of 50 Somali nationals were flown in with serious injuries. The group consisting mainly of youth between 17 and 30 has been admitted at various city hospitals for treatment.

Somali's President Shaykh Sharif Shaykh Ahmad has imposed martial law. The regime should fall this week, if the Islamists press their offensive, but time is on their side. This is a significant setback in the fight against terrorists because the Islamists will support terrorists from Mogadishu, just not pirates. They also will move against Puntland which is friendly to the West, after they consolidate control.

 

Algeria:   Update. Militants ambushed a group of paramilitary police about 300 miles from Algiers in Khenchela Province on 22 June, killing five policemen and taking two others hostage, El Watan newspaper reported on the 23d, based on witness accounts. Algerian officials have not confirmed the attack.

 

Assuming the attack occurred as reported, the significance is the militants are shortening the time between attacks once again. That is a reliable sign that they have begun to rebuild the capabilities, which were reduced by a mysterious chemical accident that killed many militants.

 

Administrative note:  NW will not be produced on 24 and 25 June. The next product will be emailed on Friday, 26 June.

 

 

End of NightWatch for 23 June.